List of presidents of Madagascar

President of Madagascar
President of Madagascar
Filohan'i Madagasikara (Malagasy); Président de Madagascar (French)
	Presidential Standard
	Incumbent; Richard Ravalomanana; Acting since 27 October 2023
Style	President; His Excellency
Residence	Iavoloha Palace
Term length	5 years, renewable once
Inaugural holder	Philibert Tsiranana
Formation	1 May 1959

This is a list of presidents of Madagascar, since the establishment of the office of President in 1959, during the Malagasy Republic.

Term limits[edit]

As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of Madagascar. The term limit has not been met by any president yet.^[1]

List of officeholders[edit]

Political parties

Social Democratic Party (PSD)

Malagasy Revolutionary Party (AREMA)

National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD)

Judged by Your Work Party (AVI)

I Love Madagascar (TIM)

Young Malagasies Determined (TGV)

Hery Vaovao ho an'i Madagasikara (HVM)

Other factions

Military

Independent

Status

Denotes Acting President

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political party	Prime minister(s)
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Political party	Prime minister(s)
Malagasy Republic (within the French Community)
—		Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978)	—	1 May 1959	26 June 1960	1 year, 56 days	PSD	Position abolished
Malagasy Republic (independent country)
1		Philibert Tsiranana (1912–1978)	1965 1972	26 June 1960	11 October 1972 (resigned.)^[a]	12 years, 107 days	PSD	Ramanantsoa
2		Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1906–1979)^[b]	1972 (referendum)	11 October 1972	5 February 1975 (resigned.)	2 years, 117 days	Military	Himself
—		Richard Ratsimandrava (1931–1975)^[b]	—	5 February 1975	11 February 1975 (assassinated.)	6 days	Military	Position abolished
—		Gilles Andriamahazo (1919–1989)^[c]	—	12 February 1975	15 June 1975	123 days	Military
—		Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)^[d]	—	15 June 1975	30 December 1975	198 days	Military
Democratic Republic of Madagascar
3		Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)^[e]	1982 1989	30 December 1975	12 January 1992	16 years, 13 days	Military / AREMA	Rakotomalala Rakotoniaina Rakotoarijaona Ramahatra Razanamasy
Third Republic of Madagascar
(3)		Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)	—	12 January 1992	27 March 1993	1 year, 74 days	AREMA	Razanamasy
4		Albert Zafy (1927–2017)	1992–93	27 March 1993	5 September 1996 (resigned.)	3 years, 162 days	UNDD	Razanamasy Ravony Rakotovahiny Ratsirahonana
—		Norbert Ratsirahonana (born 1938)	—	5 September 1996	9 February 1997	157 days	AVI	Himself
(3)		Didier Ratsiraka (1936–2021)	1996	9 February 1997	(25 February 2002)^[f] 5 July 2002	5 years, 146 days	AREMA	Ratsirahonana Rakotomavo Andrianarivo Rasolondraibe
5		Marc Ravalomanana (born 1949)	2001 2006	(22 February 2002)^[g] 5 July 2002	17 March 2009 (deposed.)	6 years, 255 days	TIM	Sylla Rabemananjara
—		Hyppolite Ramaroson (born 1951)^[h]	—	17 March 2009		Several hours	Military	Position vacant
High Transitional Authority
—		Andry Rajoelina (born 1974)	—	(7 February 2009) 17 March 2009	25 January 2014	4 years, 314 days	TGV	Roindefo Mangalaza Manorohanta Vital Beriziky
Fourth Republic of Madagascar
6		Hery Rajaonarimampianina (born 1958)	2013	25 January 2014	7 September 2018	4 years, 225 days	HVM	Beriziky Kolo Ranelonarivo Solonandrasana Ntsay
—		Rivo Rakotovao (born 1960)	—	7 September 2018	19 January 2019	134 days	HVM	Ntsay
7		Andry Rajoelina (born 1974)	2018	19 January 2019	9 September 2023	4 years, 233 days	TGV	Ntsay
—		Council of Ministers Prime Minister: Christian Ntsay (born 1961)	—	9 September 2023	27 October 2023	48 days	Independent	Himself
—		Richard Ravalomanana (born 1959)	—	27 October 2023	Incumbent	31 days	Independent	Ntsay

Timeline[edit]

Term of office in years[edit]

This is a list of each president (excluding acting presidents) in order of term length.

Of the 7 people that has served as president, only two, Didier Ratsiraka and Andry Rajoelina, served in two non consecutive periods.

Rank	President	Political party	Longest continuous term	Total time in office	Periods
1	Didier Ratsiraka	Military/AREMA	17 years, 285 days	23 years, 66 days	2
2	Philibert Tsiranana	PSD	13 years, 163 days	13 years, 163 days	1
3	Andry Rajoelina	TGV	4 years, 314 days	9 years, 182 days	2
4	Marc Ravalomanana	TIM	6 years, 255 days	6 years, 255 days	1
5	Hery Rajaonarimampianina	HVM	4 years, 225 days	4 years, 225 days	1
6	Albert Zafy	UNDD	3 years, 162 days	3 years, 162 days	1
7	Gabriel Ramanantsoa	Military	2 years, 117 days	2 years, 117 days	1

Latest election[edit]


Candidate		Party	First round		Second round
Candidate		Party	Votes	%	Votes	%
	Andry Rajoelina	Young Malagasies Determined	1,954,023	39.23	2,586,938	55.66
	Marc Ravalomanana	Tiako I Madagasikara	1,760,837	35.35	2,060,847	44.34
	Hery Rajaonarimampianina	Hery Vaovao ho an'ny Madagasikara	439,070	8.82
	Andre Christian Dieu Donne Mailhol	GFFM	63,391	1.27
	Joseph Martin Randriamampionona	Total Refoundation of Madagascar	57,903	1.16
	Ny Rado Rafalimanana	FOMBA	57,476	1.15
	Andrianiaina Paul Rabary	MIASA	48,980	0.98
	Randriamanantsoa Tabera	KINTANA	48,705	0.98
	Haingo Andrianjakamalala Rasolofonjoa	Avotra ho an'ny firenena	47,932	0.96
	Mamy Richard Radilofe	Roso ho amin'ny Demokrasia Sosialy	42,748	0.86
	Eliana Bezaza	Social Democratic Party	40,882	0.82
	Jean Ravelonarivo	Antokom-Bahoaka	29,224	0.59
	Lalaoarisoa Marcellin Andriantseheno	Tafajiaby	28,252	0.57
	José Michel Andrianoelison	ARO-RIAKA	26,572	0.53
	Richard Razafy Rakotofiringa	SJIAM	26,534	0.53
	Andriamparany Benjamin Radavidson	National Unity, Freedom & Development	25,420	0.51
	Saraha Rabeharisoa	Liberal Democratic Party	23,685	0.48
	Olivier Mahafaly Solonandrasana	PARRAINAGE	23,437	0.47
	Didier Ratsiraka	Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar	22,222	0.45
	Roland Ratsiraka	Malagasy Tonga Saina	21,377	0.43
	Serge Jovial Imbeh	Antoky ny Fivoaran'ny Malagasy	18,962	0.38
	Zafimahaleo Dit Dama Mahaleo Rasolofondraosolo	Manajary Vahoaka	16,367	0.33
	Omer Beriziky	Antsika Madagasikara	15,352	0.31
	Jean Jacques Ratsietison	Fahefa-Mividy no Ilain'ny Malagasy	15,281	0.31
	Erick Francis Rajaonary	Malagasy Miray sy Mifankatia	14,758	0.30
	Rivomanantsoa Orlando Robimanana	Madagsikara Vina sy Fanantenana	14,561	0.29
	Fanirisoa Ernaivo	ZAMA–PATRAM	14,117	0.28
	Arlette Ramaroson	PARRAINAGE	12,645	0.25
	Falimampionona Rasolonjatovo	FITAMBOLAGNELA/IAD	12,276	0.25
	Jean Max Rakotomamomjy	LEADER-Fanilo	11,377	0.23
	Rolland Jules Etienne	Madagasikara Fivoarana	10,756	0.22
	Bruno Rabarihoela	Fahazavan'i Madagasikara	9,981	0.20
	Roseline Emma Rasolovoahangy	Ezaka Mampandroso Antsika	8,578	0.17
	Jean Louis Zafivao	Gasy Mifankatia	6,162	0.12
	Stephan Narison	Antoko Gasy Miara Mandroso	5,675	0.11
	Solo Norbert Randriamorasata	Democratic Union of the Christians of Madagascar	5,086	0.10
Total			4,980,604	100.00	4,647,785	100.00

Valid votes			4,980,604	92.79	4,647,785	97.49
Invalid/blank votes			386,946	7.21	119,557	2.51
Total votes			5,367,550	100.00	4,767,342	100.00
Registered voters/turnout			9,949,083	53.95	9,913,599	48.09
Source: Constitutional Court (first round, second round)

Notes[edit]

^ Stepped down amidst massive political protests, and handed over power to the military (after the referendum on military rule).
^ ^a ^b Styled as Head of State.
^ Styled as Chairman of the National Military Leadership Committee.
^ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.
^ Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 4 January 1976.
^ Based in Toamasina.
^ Based in Antananarivo.
^ Styled as Head of Military Directorate.

References[edit]

^ Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.

External links[edit]

World Statesmen – Madagascar

[2] Stepped down amidst massive political protests, and handed over power to the military (after the referendum on military rule).

[Head_of_state-3] Styled as Head of State.

[4] Styled as Chairman of the National Military Leadership Committee.

[5] Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council.

[6] Styled as Chairman of the Supreme Revolutionary Council until 4 January 1976.

[7] Based in Toamasina.

[8] Based in Antananarivo.

[9] Styled as Head of Military Directorate.

[termlimits-1] Cook, Candace; Siegle, Joseph. "Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa". Africa Center for Strategic Studies.

[1]

[a]

[b]

[c]

[d]

[e]

[f]

[g]

[h]

v t e Presidents of Madagascar
Malagasy Republic (1958–75)	Tsiranana Ramanantsoa Ratsimandrava Andriamahazo Ratsiraka
Democratic Republic of Madagascar (1975–92)	Ratsiraka
Third Republic of Madagascar (1992–2010)	Ratsiraka Zafy Ratsirahonana^* Ratsiraka M. Ravalomanana
High Transitional Authority (2009–2014)	Rajoelina
Fourth Republic of Madagascar (2014–present)	Rajaonarimampianina Rakotovao^* Rajoelina Ntsay^* R. Ravalomanana^*
* Acting